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Generation of monocyte-derived DC under GMP conditions

Laboratory protocol

Monocyte source: leukapheresis product (rarely: buffy coats of healthy blood donors, research use only) => gives high yield of monocytes (15-25 x 10e8)
Monocyte isolation: affinity purification (CliniMacs) or counter-flow centrifugation (Elutra) => good recovery, high purity, high viability
Culture: in culture bags (Teflon Bags, Cell Genix) in serum free medium (CellGro from Cell Genix) => no contact-mediated activation, no interference by serum proteins
For research use (sometimes) generation of adherent DC by plating monocytes on plastic.
Cytokines: clinical grade GM-CSF (Leukine, Berlex) and GMP-grade IL-4 (Cell Genix)
Maturation (usually day 5): clinical grade TNF-? (Cell Genix) or poly I:C (research use only) for 48 hours
Antigen loading on immature DC: electroporation, viral transduction, pulsing with peptides/cell lysate/apoptotic bodies
Total recovery of usable immature/mature DC: 40/30 % +/- 10%
Application: DC vaccines, generation of CTLs (for adoptive transfer of T cells or research use), immunomonitoring (targets in read-outs for T cell adoptive transfer therapy)

Protocol Steps:
  • Leukapheresis A HLA-A2 positive healthy donor undergoes leukapheresis.
  • Monocyte isolation Cells are subsequently separated into monocytes and lymphocytes by elutriation in a closed system (Elutra).
    The two most monocyte-rich fractions collected contained > 80% monocytes, the fraction richest in lymphocytes contained > 90% lymphocytes and viability in both fractions was > 95%.
  • Freezing of monocytes and lymphocytes The majority of monocytes (1 x 10e9) and all lymphocytes (6,4 x 10e9) are frozen in 90% A-plasma and 10% GMP-grade DMSO.
  • Cell culture 2 x 200 x 10e6 monocytes are transferred into culture bags by sterile welding and cultured for 5 days at a density of 2.5-5 x 10e6 cells/mL in serum free medium (CellGro, Cell Genix) in the presence of 100 ng/mL GM-CSF (Leukine, Berlex) and 20 ng/mL IL-4 (Cell Genix). After 2 days one volume fresh medium containing 2x concentrated cytokines is added.
  • Pulsing with tumor antigen derived peptides On day 5 cells are counted and pulsed with tumor antigen derived peptides (one per culture) at a concentration of 5 µg/mL in approximately 5 mL and at a cell density of 20 x 10e6/mL for 1 h.
  • Dilution of cells After peptide pulsation cells are diluted in medium containing 20 ng/mL TNF-?, plus IL-4 and GM-CSF as stated above.
  • Freezing of DC On day 7 of culture 35/40 x 10e6 mature peptide pulsed DC are frozen at 5 x 10e6 cells per vial in freezing medium as above.
  • Tumor specific stimulation of autologous T lymphocytes The frozen MoDC are subsequently used for tumor peptide specific stimulation of autologous T lymphocytes at a ratio of 1 DC per 10 T cells.

    Co-cultures led to antigen specific, IFN-? secreting T cells after 1 restimulation at a DC:T cell ratio of 1:20, as evaluated by IFN- ? Elispot, showing that the generated DC have good antigen presenting and co-stimulatory capacity.
  • Thawing of cells After thawing cells showed good viability (>90%) and the recovery was approximately 80%.
Generation of monocyte-derived DC under GMP conditions Graph


created over 16 years ago (2 March 2009)    last modified over 13 years ago (28 September 2011)   [ RDF Rdf ]   [ RelFinder Relfinder ]