These are lymph nodes from patients that undergo surgery due to clinical situations that do not affect the immune system (most frequently malformations). We have attempted to identify and characterize CD8T lymphocyte populations in humans. We compared the distribution of phenotypically distinct cell sets using seven color staining in the blood, lymph nodes and spleen. We found that the addition of other markers allow to subdivide N, CM, TEM and TEMRA populations in additional cell types.

Migration of DCs was studied in vivo in melanoma patients exploring MRI. From isolated lymphnodes obtained after surgery we could identify single DC after staining with Prussian blue for iron.

It was found that lymph nodes that drain sites of mature DC or adjuvant inoculation recruited L-selectin- CCR7- effector and memory CD8+ T cells. This cell recruitment required CXCR3 expression on T cells and occurred through high endothelial cells (HEV) in concert with HEV luminal expression of the CXCR3 ligand CXCL9.