Chitin (500 micrograms/ml) was added to DCs in order to block their beta-glucan receptors.

Mannan (500 micrograms/ml) was added to DCs in order to block their mannan receptors.

The LPS was used for stimulating DC. It was shown in mice that both IL-10 as well as IL-12 production is dependent on the signalling adaptor molecules either MyD88 or TRIF, respectively in response to CpG, LPS or PolyIC. Manufacturer: Alexis

Laminarin (500 micrograms/ml) was added to DCs in order to block their beta-glucan receptors.

Using curdlan as a specific agonist of dectin-1, we have shown that this C-type lectin couple to Syk kinase leads to activation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPKs, as well as NF-kappaB.

LPS (1microgram/ml, Sigma, St. Louis, MO) (along with R848, Curdlan, yeast RNA and yeast cells in different conditions of culture) was used to induce DC activation.

100 micrograms/ml curdlan (Wako) was used (along with R848, LPS, yeast RNA and yeast cells in different conditions of culture) to induce DC activation.